一、只接动名词而不接不定式作宾语的动词
1.虽然动名词和不定式都有名词的功能,都可以用在动词的后面作宾语,但是,不同的动词后面常常要求不同的语法结构。主要有四种情况:只接动名词而不接不定式;只接不定式而不接动名词;可以接动名词也可以接不定式,句子的意义基本相同;接动名词与接不定式,句子的意义不相同。
2.常见的只接动名词不接不定式作宾语的动词如下:
acknowledge(承认), advise(劝告), admit(承认),adore(非常喜欢),allow(允许), anticipate(期望), appreciate(喜欢),avoid(避免), bar(禁止),celebrate(庆祝),consider(考虑), commence(开始),confess(供认), contemplate(期待),defer(推迟), delay(拖延), deny(否定),describe(描述),detest(厌恶),doubt ?穴怀疑),dread(惧畏),drop (中断),encourage (鼓励), endure(忍受),enjoy(欣赏), escape(逃脱),excite (激起),excuse(原谅),explain(解释),feel (因……感到难过), fancy(设想), forbid(禁止),favor(赞成), finish(完成), (can't) help(禁不住),hinder(阻碍), grudge(不愿给),include(包括),imag-ine(想象), justify (证明……是正确的),loathe(厌恶),lose(失去),mention (提到),miss(错过), mind(介意), practice(实践),permit(允许), postpone (推迟),prevent (阻止),recall(回忆),report(报告),resent (忿恨),resist(反对), risk(冒险), stand (忍受,常用于否定),suggest(建议),understand(明白),urge(极力主张)等。 注意like和continue都可接不定式和动名词,但dislike和discontinue都只接动名词。短语动词后接动名词的有:burst out (突然……起来),give over (停止),give up (放弃),leave off(停止),put off(推迟)。至于介词动词和短语介词动词,一般应接动名词而不接不定式,无须一一记忆。
例:
People appreciate with him because he has a good sense of humor.
A) to work B) to have worked
C) working D) having working
因为他很有幽默感,所以大家喜欢和他一起工作。(B4.1998.1-37, C 对)
The teacher doesn't permit in class.
A)smoke C)smoking
B)to smoke D)to have a smoke
教师不允许在教室里抽烟。(B4.1991.6-49,C对)
Would you consider going north this summer 今年你考虑到南方去吗?
Some people favor building more nuclear power plant. 有些人赞成修建更多核动力工厂。
Give over hitting your little brother. 不要再打你的小弟弟了。