8.不定冠词与单数名词连用可以表示类别,翻译成汉语时一般不出现“一”字。例:
He became a lawyer after graduation. 他毕业后成了律师。
A truck is an important tool for transportation. 卡车是重要的运输工具。
9.在“乏词义动词+a+名词”结构中,动词的词汇意义几乎消失,我们把这类动词叫做乏词义动词(delexical verbs)?鸦 短语的动作意义体现在名词上,这类动作一般每回只进行一次,因此,常与不定冠词连用。例:
He made a careful study of the problem. 他仔细地研究了这个问题。
My little brother takes a bath before he goes to bed at night. 我的小弟弟晚上睡觉前总要洗个澡。
Let me have a look at it. 让我看看它。
They gave a good laugh at my joke. 他们被我的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。
10.泛指的复数名词和不可数名词与零冠词连用。例:
There are books on the shelf. 书架上摆着书。
We must put our plans into practice. 我们必须将计划付诸实行。
Wood is used for houses. 木头用来造房子。
11. turn, go 作“变成”解,后接名词作表语,这个名词用零冠词。例:
My mother was ill. I had to turn cook. 我母亲病了,我只好亲自下厨。
She has gone socialist. 她成了社会主义者。
12.在以“普通名词+as" 开头的让步状语从句中,这个普通名词用零冠词。例:
Child as he is, he can run as fast as an adult. 他虽然还是个小孩,却能跑得和成年人一样快。
Fool as Tom is, he couldn't not have done such a matter. 汤姆虽然傻,也还不至于做这样的事。
13.在“(a)kind/sort/species of + 名词”结构中,该名词一般用零冠词。例:
In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. 尽管这样,意大利人还是把他看作英雄式的人物。
It was a kind of animal with long ears and a short tail. 这是一种长耳朵、短尾巴的动物。
14.注意下面几组容易混淆的短语:
There are several trees in front of the building. 房子的前面有几棵树。
There are several slogans in the front of the building. 房子的正面有几幅标语。
My solicitor is now in possession of the documents. 我的律师现在持有这些文件。
The documents are now in the possession of my solicitor. 这些文件现在掌握在我的律师手里。
Mr. Carnegie will in charge of the company when the manager is away. 经理不在时,卡内基先生负责公司的工作。
The company will be in the charge of Mr. Carnegie when the manager is away. 经理不在时,公司的工作由卡内基先生负责。
The accident took place early in the morning. 事故发生在大清早。
Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in England. 电气机车在英国已经取代了蒸汽机车。
He is out of question the GREatest basketball player of this century. 他毫无疑问是本世纪最伟大的篮球运动员。
He had no money, so it was out of the question for him to go shopping. 他一点钱都没有,所以不可能去购物。
We lived in sight of the shopping centre. 我们住在看得见购物中心的地方。
In the sight of the world, they were a happily married couple. 在世人看来,他们是幸福的一对。
15.下面的习惯用语中有些用定冠词,有些用不定冠词,有些用零冠词:
all of a sudden 突然 at a loss 不知所措
at a glance 看一眼 as a whole 总体上
as a rule 通常 in a hurry 匆匆忙忙地
on an average 平均 come to an end 结束
by the way 顺便说一句 to the full 充分
to the minute 一分不差,恰好
to the point 切题,得体 at hand 临近
at rest 安眠,安静 on fire 燃烧中,着火
make a fortune 发财 put an end to 停止,终止
lose sight of 看不见 catch fire 着火
