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英语特殊结构的翻译技巧(6)

[日期:2010-11-26]   [字体: ]

2)对照与对比

A.不属比较级,却含对照或对比的含义

有些英语词汇在形式上属于比较级,但是含有相对照或对比的含义。常见的词有:relatively,comparatively,superior to,inferior to等。例:

(1)We need an engine relatively powerful to its weight.我们需要一台就重量而言马力较大的发动机。

(2)Standing next to her tall husband,she looks comparatively short.她站在高挺的丈夫身旁,显得十分娇小。

(3)He felt superior in mathematics to John.他觉得自己的数学比约翰强。

(4)His position is inferior to hers.他的地位比她的低。

B.类似比较,却含其他意义

英语中有些词汇结构形式上类似于比较,但是却含有其他的意义。翻译时应灵活处理,不能一概按比较句来译。常见的有:

as well as既……又,除……之外(还)

as(so)far as到……程度

far more than不止,……以上

all the more更加,越发

more and less或多或少,大约

neither more nor less than纯粹是

no more than仅仅

much less更不用说

much more更何况

not /never so much as(do)甚至于不(没有)

without so much as甚至于不

so much better(worse)反而更好(更遭)

  little less than与……几乎相同

no less(...)than简直是;与……一样

as much as几乎等于

as long as只要,如果

would sooner(rather)...than(与其)……不如……

not so much...as与其说……,不如说……

例:

(1)We shall travel by day as well as by night.我们将日夜赶路。

(2)We have gone so far as to collect some useful statistics.我们甚至收集了一些有用的统计数字。

(3)Scientists think that a man can put up with far more radiation

than 0.1rem without being damaged.科学家们认为,一个人可以承受足足超过0.1雷姆的辐射而不受伤害。

(4)The letter from my mother made me happy all the more because I was homesick.因为我正在想家,母亲的来信越发使我高兴。

(5)All the passengers were more or less wounded in the accident.

在这次事故中,所有乘客或多或少都受了伤。

(6)He is neither more nor less than an idler.他是个不折不扣的懒虫。

(7)The theater was no more than a painted barn.那剧院只不过是个涂了油漆的库房而已。

(8)I'm so tired that I cannot walk any more,much less run.我太累了,无法再走,更不用说跑步了。

(9)He can do it well,much more can you.他都能做好,更何况是你。

(10)When I said hello to her,she didn't do much as look at me.

当我和她打招呼时,她甚至连看都没看我一眼。

(11)He just planted himself in front of me without so much as a by-your-leave.他楞是站在我面前,连声对不起都不说。(by-your-leave请原谅,对不起)

(12)So much the worse for you if you break the rules.如果你违反规则,那你就更糟糕了。

(13)It is little less than treachery.那简直就是背叛。

(14)A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is.海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。

(15)The clerk as much as told me that I was a fool.办事员实际上等于对我说,我是个傻瓜。

(16)When a borrower is not required to repay a loan within a certain time,it is easy to let it run on and on.This increases the dollar cost of the loan because interests must be paid for as long as the loan continues.若不要求借款人在某限期内偿还贷款,就容易任其拖延下去。贷款不还就要付息,这就增加了贷款费用。

(17)I would sooner resign than work under that boss.我宁愿辞职也不愿在那个老板手下工作。

(18)Science moves forward,they say,not so much through the insights of GREat man of genius as because of more ordinary things like im- proved techniques and tools.他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了技术和工具等等更为普遍的东西。

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