1.什么叫标题作文
标题作文就是只给出作文题目及引言段,规定作文篇幅,要求在一定的时间内完成而无其他限制的作文方式。标题作文最突出的特点是与其他类型作文相比,它有更多的自主性和灵活性,即更能发挥作者的想象力和组织才能,更能自由地选用写作手法。标题作文无论从何角度出发,从何方面写,只要内容切题,说理有据,表达清楚,语言得体,完整连贯,都不失为成功的作品。
2.标题写作技巧
在写标题作文时,可参照下述步骤进行:
①认真审题。仔细阅读所给短文标题及引言段,找出题目重点,确定写作文体。②仔细构思。根据已经确定的主题,积极联想,开拓思路,构思出与主题有关的内容。③拟写提纲。拟写提纲的过程也是组织材料、安排段落的过程。在此过程中,作者可对想到的材料进行分析、归类、决定取舍,拟写出段落提纲和扩展提纲。
④写好主题句。根据提纲要点,写好明确各段中心思想的主题句。a.文扣主题,扩展成段。确定主题句之后,就要紧扣主题,围绕段落扩展提纲,进行发展和延伸。b.写好结尾句。结尾句是对全段中心思想做出精练的浓缩。结尾句要与段落主题句相呼应,与发展句相关联,起到进一步总结全文的目的。c.对短文初稿进行检查、修改和润色,力求达到通畅自然,切题表意。
3.写作范例
【标题】Love and Learning
【引言段】Different people look at learning and love in different ways.
【短文框架构思】
根据所给的短文标题和引言段,可判断出这是一篇比较性议论文。作者可在“不同的人对学习和恋爱有不同的看法”这一中心论点的基础上,自然联想到:不同的人可能是教师与学生,家长与子女,而他们对这一问题的不同看法可能是赞成或不赞成,褒与贬。最后可在双方分别阐述的基础上,得出符合实际的结论。
【段首句及扩展提纲】
1.Introductory paragraph
2.Some college teachers argue that students should give up love for the sake of learning.
1)Love is time consuming.2)Love tears one away from learning.3)Love causes one to fall behind in study.
3.Students, however, hold that forbidding love affairs among college students is no good.
1)Love will help one study harder.
2)Love will help one make GREater progress.
3)Love will concentrate oneself on learning.
4.As popular saying goes, “Everything has two sides.”
1)Take it as a drive, will be a success.
2)Be infatuated with it, will be a failure.
【短文】
Different people look at learning and love in different ways.Some college teachers argue that students should give up love for the sake of learning. They maintain that love is time consuming and tears one away from learning. If a student falls in love, he will certainly fall behind in his courses.Students, however, hold that forbidding love affairs among college students is no good. They insist that a student who falls in love with someone will study harder and will make GREater progress. They don't believe that a person who has not fallen in love can concentrate himself on learning.
As popular saying goes,“Everything has two sides.” So does love. If you don't give yourself away in love but take it as a drive, you will make more proGREss in your learning and have good scores. But if you are infatuated with love, you will be a definite failure in your studies.
【短文评析】
本文以“总—分—总”式阐述了学习与恋爱的关系。第一段开头破题,引出论述的问题。第二段承接开头对论述的问题用摆事实、讲道理的方法给读者阐明了一些教师的论点。第三段“however”一词,可谓“一箭双雕”,不仅从形式上与第二段形成对照,达到了段与段之间衔接自然的目的,而且还从内容上顺理成章地转到一些大学生对同一问题的不同看法。结尾段以辩证的观点论证了两者的关系,最后在分析的基础上,得出了符合逻辑和具有说服力的结论。
全文总共155个字,文章虽短,但用词恰当,如:for the sake of, tear away from, concentrate on, give oneself away in,take...as,be infatuated with(迷恋于)等,而且句型变化较多,达到了语言通顺,表达清晰的效果。
段落是构成一篇文章的有机体,文章的灵魂由段落来展现。
