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3语义型
该试题分两类：一类是解释词义，另一类是理解句意。题目要求根据上下文特定语境对单词、词组或句子进行释义。阅读理解中的语义试题含蓄、隐晦，其正确答案常具有以下特点：
a．词义属于熟“词”新义，具有引申意义；
b．句意或词义是对原词、原句的解释，而不是逻辑推理；
c．所测试的超纲词或代词需要借助于各种技巧推测词义。
解答该类题时，应在原文找出有关词、句的位置，根据其语境判断含义。首先可以将四个选项中最明显的干扰项排除，缩小其范围，然后用确定为答案的项代替原词，放入原句，检查是否保持了原意，实现了“一个意思，两种说法”。正确答案通常是对原词的释义或者对原句的复述。
1）解释词义
该类试题旨在考查所掌握词汇的数量、质量以及判断应变能力。所测试的词可能是超纲词，或常用词“熟词新义”，也可能是代词。对常用词，并非考查表层意思，而是追究深层含义，要求透过其表层意思理解深层含义；对于代词而言，由于指代内容和其他词混在一起，需要根据具体语境进行区分。因此，无论是超纲词，还是常用词或代词，都需要仔细推测，准确理解。例：
（1）In the early attempts，the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs，it was found to be covered in living growths，a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea．
Q：“defied”in this paragraph probably means_________．
A）doubted B）gave proof to
C）challenged D）aGREed to
答案：C）
（2）In education，there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wide judgement． Such balance is defeated by too much emphasis on any one field． This question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences，the social sciences and the arts，but also relative emphases among the natural sciences themselves．
Q：The word“defeated”in this paragraph most probably means _________．
A）broken B）beaten C）destroyed D）damaged
答案：A）
（3）Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their numbers have varied from one to forty-eight stars．Most of the coins issued from about 1799to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies．
Q：What does the word“their”in this paragraph refer to_________？
A）colonies B）coins C）features D）stars
答案：D） |
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阅读理解测试题型分析（3）
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