阅读理解主要是考查对一篇文章、信件、图表、对话等的理解，要求读者在理解所提供的信息的基础上，完成一部分练习。做练习的目的当然是考查对所提供的材料的理解的程度。这类练习主要是以1单项选择为主，也有别的一些题型，例如2回答问题；3根据短文或对话内容，填写适当单词（首字母已给出），完成句子；4根据短文对话内容，判断下列各句正确（T）与错误（F）；5根据所给的短文或对话，在每个空白处填写一个适当的词（也可以给出首字母），缩写该文等。现将各种题型一一介绍如下：
1.阅读短文或对话，根据其内容，从A、B、C、D中选出一个正确的选项填空。
这种题主要是针对短文或对话中的关键句子或段落，安排几个句子或提出几个问题。如果是句子，则要留空，再给出四个选项，从中选出一个与文章内容相符的选项，如果是问题，则给出四个答案，让读者从中选出正确的答案来。这种题型的特点是，所给的选项中有正确答案，只要理解了原材料，便能做对。如果对原文没有理解，则有可能选错，特别是那些迷惑性强的非正确选项，更是如此。请看下面的练习：
Who's Silly?
Peter is always worried about his feet.One of them is bigger than the other.Of course it's difficult for him to buy any shoes for his feet.His mother often made two pairs of shoes for him every year.He looked after them carefully and when he was at home,he takes off his shoes.But his mother died last year and he has no new shoes now.He has to wear the worn ones.So one day he told his friend David about it.
“Why not go to a shoemaker1?” said David.“A good one can make you the right shoes.”
“It's a good idea!” said the young man.“I wish someone could make shoes as well as my mother did.But I don't know any.”
“There's one in my sisters village.I'm sure he'll help you.Here's his address.”
Peter went to the shoemaker in another village and the man made a pair of shoes for him.Trying them on,the young man became angry.
“How silly(2) you are!” said Peter.“I told you,‘One shoe must be made bigger than the other. But you've made one is smaller than the other!”
Notes:
(1)shoemaker ／`
u:meik
／ n.鞋匠 (2) silly ／`sili／ adj.傻的
1. ,so it's difficult for him to buy any shoes.
A.Peter doesn't know any shoemakers
B.One of Peter's feet is bigger than the other
C.Peter often wear out his shoes
D.Peter doesn't have much money
2.Peter wears his shoes only when .
A.he stays at home B.he meets his friends
C.he goes out D.he waits for a girl
3.Peter is worried about his feet now because .
A.nobody makes any shoes for him
B.one of his shoes grows bigger
C.no doctor can help him
D.the shops don't sell any shoes to him
4.David told Peter to .
A.go to ask for his sisters help
B.learn to make shoes for himself
C.choose a pair of shoes at the shoemakers
D.go to ask the shoemaker to make a pair for him
5.Which of the following is true?
A.The shoemaker didn't do as Peter said.
B.The shoemaker forgot what Peter said.
C.Peter is quite silly.
D.The shoemaker is silly.
答案及分析：
1.B。该题所给的这些选项，看起来似乎都与Peter买不到合脚的鞋有关。但仔细分析，他的一只脚比另一只大才是关键的。我们可以退一步讲，如果他的脚一样大，其它三个原因有没有都无所谓。
2.C。从短文中的“...when he was at home,he takes off his shoes.”来看，说明他只有外出的时候才穿鞋。
3.A。短文告诉我们，母亲活着的时候，常给Peter做鞋，他还有鞋穿。现在母亲去世了，就没有人给他做鞋，这自然常让他为他的脚发愁。
4.D。从David给了Peter鞋匠的地址来看，是告诉他让鞋匠按他的脚的尺寸做一双鞋。
5.C。从Peter自己说的话可以看出，鞋匠并没有做错，而是他自己比较的角度不同。是他自己太傻了。
